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Zingue et al. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2017) 17:65 DOI 10.1186/s12906-017-1568-RESEARCH ARTICLEOpen AccessEthanol-extracted Cameroonian propolis exerts estrogenic effects and alleviates hot flushes in ovariectomized Wistar ratsSt hane Zingue1,2, Chantal Beatrice Magne Nde3, Thomas Michel4, Derek Tantoh Ndinteh5, Jules Tchatchou2, Mo e Adamou6, Xavier Fernandez4, Fernand-Nestor Tchuenguem Fohouo6, Colin Clyne3 and DieudonnNjamen2,5AbstractBackground: Since the biological properties of propolis rely towards the plants that will be identified inside a particular region, propolis from unexplored regions attracts the attention of scientists. Ethanolic extract of Cameroonian propolis (EEP) is employed to treat several ailments including gynecological troubles and amenorrhea. Considering the fact that there had been no scientific data to assistance the above claims, the present study was hence undertaken to assess estrogenic properties of Cameroonian propolis. Strategies: To attain our aim, the ability of EEP to induce MCF-7 cells proliferation in E-screen assay also as to activate estrogen receptors (ER) and (ER) in cell-based reporter gene assays working with human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293T) transfected with ERs was tested. Further, a 3-day uterotrophic assay was performed and also the capability of EEP to alleviate hot flushes in ovariectomized adult rats was evaluated. Results: In vitro, EEP showed an antiestrogenic activity in each HEK293T ER- and ER- cells. In vivo, EEP induced a considerable boost inside a bell shape dose response manner in the uterine wet weight, the total protein levels in the uterus, the uterine and vaginal epithelium height and acini border cells of mammary gland with all the presence of abundant eosinophil secretions. Moreover, EEP induced a significant reduce within the total number, typical duration at the same time as frequency of hot flushes soon after three days of remedy in rat (equivalent.