Rk architecture functionality limitations were analyzed in [50]. Apart from, in [51], a setup that combines SDN and NFV technologies was BMS-8 Cancer presented to address the realization of network slices. This was due to the observation that a particular SDN architecture lacks certain important capabilities that will be supplied by the NFV. Furthermore, for efficient fulfillment in the specifications, an orchestration method conceived to choose and assign virtual resources in distributed information centers (DCs) that are interconnected via multi-layer networks was presented in [52]. within the work, to help the ingress demands, orchestration algorithms have been thought of. That is an work to satisfy unique specifications relating to the bandwidth, computing, and end-to-end latency constraints. Likewise, a multi-objective method to recognize an optimized resource orchestration amongst cloud-based slices was presented in [53]. Additionally, in [54], a extensive survey on software-defined optical networks (SDONs) was presented. A significant consideration was provided to studies on network virtualization and orchestration of multilayer too as multidomain networking. In addition to, optical performance monitoring frameworks and versatile SDN-controlled switching paradigms have been investigated. Similarly, to optimally minimize the monitoring expense inside the optical network, a traffic trail that employs visitors lightpaths as an alternative to committed supervisory lightpaths (monitoring trail) was presented in [55] to localize a single hyperlink failure in an SDON. Moreover, in SDONs, network solutions are provided according to virtual optical networks (VONs) that impose additional constraints compared with all the electrical domain virtual networks provisioning. In [56], a mappingbased VON provisioning strategy for distance-adaptive flexible-grid optical networks was presented. Likewise, to maximize the spectrum utilization efficiency, the influence of versatile virtual nodes-to-physical-node mapping on network resource utilization was investigated. Similarly, in [57], a unified SDN was presented as a typical handle scheme for end-to-end optical circuit switching (OCS)/optical packet switching (OPS) networks, together with the introduction of OpenFlow agent. The SDN handle plane was employed in the OPS network to offer benefits which include optimal network organization, simplified data plane design, improved manage flexibility, contention alleviation, and sophisticated handling of network dynamics. Furthermore, leveraging the SDON platform, a service style idea for an enhanced network abstraction was introduced. In addition to, for effective fault-tolerant handle and successful detection of attacks within the SDON, a distributed control architecture for SDON according to the blockchain idea was proposed in [58]. In [59], a servicevariable optical gear which is capable of supporting several services is presented. Furthermore, a multi-layer restoration system in a service-oriented SDON was proposed along with the feasibility of your scheme was experimentally Goralatide web validated. Furthermore, a manage architecture that may be determined by an SDON for optical transport networks was presentedAppl. Sci. 2021, 11,5 ofin [60]. The proposed architecture can support control layer artificial intelligence (AI) as well as onboard AI. In addition, experimental benefits have been presented to demonstrate the viability in the cross-layer optimization and coordination between the onboard and control layer AIs. Furthermore, an Internet of Things (IoT)-aware multi-layer transport SDN and cloud.