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animalsReviewEffects of Diesel, Heavy Metals and Plastics Pollution on Penguins in Antarctica: A ReviewNurul Aini Puasa 1 , Azham Zulkharnain 2 , Gayathiri Verasoundarapandian 1 , ChiewYen Wong 3,4 , Khadijah Nabilah Mohd Zahri 1 , Faradina Merican 5 , Noor Azmi Shaharuddin 1 , Claudio GomezFuentes 6,7 and Siti Aqlima Ahmad 1,4,7, 5Citation: Puasa, N.A.; Zulkharnain, A.; Verasoundarapandian, G.; Wong, C.Y.; Zahri, K.N.M.; Merican, F.; Shaharuddin, N.A.; GomezFuentes, C.; Ahmad, S.A. Effects of Diesel, Heavy Metals and Plastics Pollution on Penguins in Antarctica: A Assessment. Animals 2021, 11, 2505. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ani11092505 Academic Editors: Patrizia Licata, Rosalia Crupi, Enrico Gugliandolo, vind Bergh and Francesco Fazio Received: 2 July 2021 Accepted: 23 August 2021 Published: 26 AugustDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, FGF-16 Protein Human Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; [email protected] (N.A.P.); [email protected] (G.V.); [email protected] (K.N.M.Z.); [email protected] (N.A.S.) Division of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technologies, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 3378570, Japan; [email protected] School of Health Sciences, International Healthcare University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; [email protected] National Antarctic Study Centre, B303 Level 3, Block B, IPS Developing, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Recombinant?Proteins TRAIL Protein Malaysia College of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia; [email protected] Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Magallanes, Avda. Bulnes, Punta Arenas 01855, Regi de Magallanes y Ant tica Chilena, Chile; [email protected] Center for Research and Antarctic Environmental Monitoring (CIMAA), Universidad de Magallanes, Avda. Bulnes, Punta Arenas 01855, Regi de Magallanes y Ant tica Chilena, Chile Correspondence: [email protected] Summary: Antarctica is contaminated by anthropogenic pollution. As a consequence of the persistent low temperatures, the toxic impacts of pollution for the environment might be comprehensive. The severity in the effects varies as outlined by the animal species, chemical sort and amount of exposure. Penguins are at significant danger as they are the most prominent group of animals in Antarctica. This review highlights the background of penguins in Antarctica, the anthropogenic pollution and instances, also because the toxic effects of diesel, heavy metals and microplastics toward penguins. A bibliometric analysis can also be incorporated. Abstract: Antarctica is often a somewhat pristine continent that attracts scientists and tourists alike. Nevertheless, the threat of environmental pollution in Antarctica is escalating together with the improve in the quantity of guests. Lately, there has been a surge in interest relating to diesel, heavy metals and microplastics pollution. Contamination from these pollutants poses dangers to the atmosphere as well as the well being of organisms inhabiting the continent. Penguins are certainly one of essentially the most prominent and extensively distributed animals in Antarctica and are at significant risk because of pollution. Even on a compact scale, the impacts of pollution toward penguin populations are in depth. This review discusses the background of pengu.