Ed in writing this manuscript. SA is immunology laboratory technician who has performed the serology tests, and assisted in writing the methodology. AC has contributed to study design, conduct of the study, interpretation of serology tests, and assisted in writing the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Acknowledgment Authors acknowledge the financial RG7800MedChemExpress RG7800 support of this study by King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Grant number LPG-10-41. Author details 1 Department of Pediatrics at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 2 Department of Pediatrics at King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 3 Department of Radiology at King Saud Medical City, PO box 7855, Riyadh 11117, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 4Department of Immunology, Pathology, Clinical Laboratory Medicine at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 5Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology Nutrition, University of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz for Health Sciences, Children’s Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 6Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, King Saud Medical City, PO box 7855, Riyadh 11117, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Received: 17 October 2013 Accepted: 5 PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28549975 March 2014 Published: 17 March 2014 References 1. Barker JM, Yu J, Yu L, Wang J, Miao D, Bao F, Hoffenberg E, Nelson JC, Gottlieb PA, Rewers M, Eisenbarth GS: Autoantibody “subspecificity” in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2005, 28:850?55. 2. Barker JM: Clinical review: type 1 diabetes associated autoimmunity: natural history, genetic association, and screening. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006, 9:1210?217. 3. Choudhri K, Vergani G, Vergani GM: Immunological cross-reactivity to multiple auto antigens in patients with liver kidney microsomal type1 autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology 1998, 28:1177?181. 4. Maggiore G, Bernard O, Homberg JC, Hadchouel M, Alvarez F, Hadchouel P, Odi re M, Alagille D: Liver disease associated with anti-liver kidney microsome antibody in children. J Pediatr 1986, 108:399?04. 5. da Silva ME, Porta G, Goldberg AC, Bittencourt PL, Fukui RT, Correia MR, Miura IK, Pugliese RS, Baggio VL, Can do EL, Kalil J, Santos RF, Rochal DM, Wajchenberg BL, Ursich MJ, Rosenbloom AL: Diabetes mellitus-related autoantibodies in childhood autoimmune hepatitis. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2002, 15:1574. 6. De Block CE, De Leeuw IH, Pelckmans PA, Michielsen PP, Bogers JJ, Van Marck EA, Van Gaal LF: Autoimmune hepatitis, autoimmune gastritis, and gastric carcinoid in a type 1 diabetic patient. J Diabetes Complications 2002, 14:116?20. 7. Oki K, Yamane K, Koide J, Mandai K, Nakanishi S, Fujikawa R, Kohno N: A case of polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type III complicated with autoimmune hepatitis. Endocr J 2006, 53:705?09. 8. Allen S, Huber J, Devendrac D: Prevalence of organ-specific autoantibodies in childhood- and adult-onset type 1 diabetes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008, 1150:260?62.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16. 17.18. 19.20.Heras P, Mantzioros M, Mendrinos D, Heras V, Hatzopoulos A, Xourafas V, Kritikos K, Karagiannis S: Autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2010, 90:e40 42. Konus OL, Ozdemir A, Akkaya A, Erbas G, Celik H, Isik S: Normal liver, spleen and kidney dimensions in neonates, infants and children: evaluation with sonography. Am J Roentgenol 1998, 171:1693?698. De Block CEM, Van Gaal LF, De Leeuw IH: High prevalence of manifestations of gastric autoimmunity in parietal cell antibodies positive type 1 (I.